The transformer turns ratio is the ratio of the number of turns in the primary coil to the number of turns in the secondary coil. This ratio determines how voltage is transformed from the primary to the secondary winding. Formula for Turns Ratio The turns ratio (TR) of a transformer is given by: Where:
This type of transformer is normally furnished with coil taps at multiples of 2.5% above normal (AN) and 2.5% below normal (BN). For a primary with 1620 turns, 2.5% represents about 40 turns (1620 × 0.025 = 40.5). Moving the connection by two tap locations changes the number of turns in the primary coil by about 80 turns.
If your powerline frequency is 50 Hz, you need 60/50 times the above result for your primary for 120 V, and twice that for 240 V. A transformer has a maximum volts per turn. You need to have sufficient number of turns on the primary so that the primary voltage you apply, divided by the number of turns, does not exceed this volts per turn.
Volts per turn (V/turn) is the voltage dropped across each turn of a coil or the voltage induced into each turn of the secondary coil. Each transformer has a design value for the volts per turn. For example, if a transformer primary has 120 turns with a source of 120 V, it has 1 V/turn. The secondary coil has the same volts per turn value.
How many turns does a transformer turn? Moving the connection by two tap locations changes the number of turns in the primary coil by about 80 turns. The primary is changed from 1620 turns to
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