One of the most documented reactions of birds to solar facilities is what researchers call the “lake effect.” Large solar installations, particularly those utilizing photovoltaic panels, can create a
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In a new report published in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, ecologists explained that solar panels often reflect light in a way that mimics bodies of water. Known as
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Solar arrays, while essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, create large reflective surfaces that can confuse migratory animals. This phenomenon poses significant
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This project examined the so-called lake effect hypothesis that utility-scale solar facilities attract birds by simulating the visual cues birds use to locate water bodies.
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The “lake effect” occurs when reflective photovoltaic (PV) panels are mistaken for water by migrating waterfowl and shorebirds. This misperception can cause birds to attempt to land,
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"The reflective glare from solar panels mimics the appearance of water bodies, confusing migrating birds and leading them off course," Professor Fleming said.
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Because PV panels are non-reflective and low to the ground, they do not create the thermal danger seen at CSP sites. A hypothesized mechanism unique to PV arrays is the “lake
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Researchers have previously hypothesized a “lake effect” where these birds—some of which require water to take off and land—are confusing reflective solar panels with water bodies and
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Bird droppings, or guano, accumulate on the surface of the glass and create a shading effect on the photovoltaic cells below. Even a small amount of concentrated shading can
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CSP facilities attract large numbers of flying insects and therefore insectivorous birds, while both heliostats (CSP) and PV solar panels are attractive to waterbirds, with the timing and
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