This paper details an innovative recycling process to recover silicon (Si) wafer from solar panels. Using these recycled wafers, we fabricated Pb-free solar panels. The first step to recover Si wafer is to dissolve silver (Ag) and aluminium (Al) via nitric acid (HNO3) and potassium hydroxide (KOH), respectively.
A method for recovering silicon wafers from end-of-life solar panels was investigated. The properties of recycled wafers are almost identical to those of commercial virgin wafers. The conversion efficiency of the remanufactured solar cells fell in the range of 15.0–16.0%. Solar modules, which contain these cells, show good stability.
To recover the silicon wafers efficiently, we have also developed a thermal method . This method is consisted of a specially designed fixture, which helps to efficiently release gases from EVA and back sheet. The solar panels were heated at 480 °C at a rate of 15 °C/min.
Ag and Al metal electrodes were dissolved sequentially in solutions of HNO 3 and KOH to recover the Si wafers. Impurities on the wafer surface were removed by using an etching paste containing H 3 PO 4.
To make a reclaimed wafer from the solar cell, the emitter, p–n junction, Al rear electrode, and BSF must be removed. This requirement means that P and Al atoms should not be detected by SIMS
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We investigated a new method for reclaiming Si wafers from EoL PV modules by applying etching paste and for the manufacture of Pb-free solar panels. Ag and Al metal electrodes were
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